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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00163_Field_163.txt
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1996-12-31
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Perspective is a powerful
force in creating the
impression of depth, even
when other cues work against
it. A luminous trapezoid viewed
in a frontal plane, for example,
when seen with one eye in a
dark room will look like a
rectangle at a slant. Even when
such a figure is viewed with
both eyes, which provides
information from stereopsis,
perspective strongly affects
what is perceived, as Barbara
Gillam, then at the Australian
National University, and
William Epstein and his
associates at the University of
Wisconsin have shown.
Moreover, Epstein has
demonstrated that continued
binocular viewing of objects in
the environment with a special
lens in front of one eye that
alters retinal disparity will
result in an adaptive
recalibration of retinal
disparity. Ordinarily, retinal
disparity and perspective yield
congruent information, such
as, for example, that a
rectangle is slanted back from
the frontal plane by 30 degrees.
In the experiment, however,
the two eyes are made to
provide discrepant
information: the perspective
information that objects are in
a frontal plane is at odds with
the retinal disparity
information that they are
slanted backwards in depth.
Apparently, the subjects learn
to associate unconsciously a
given disparity with some new
depth, not the depth the
disparity signified before,
because, in a subsequent test
for depth based on disparity
using two luminous dots, the
subjects saw depth under
conditions of zero disparity
and, conversely, no depth
when some actual disparity was
present. Thus, in only minutes,
a pictorial cue such as linear
perspective is sufficiently
potent to reeducate the mind
about stereopsis.